- Congenital
- Neuromuscular
- Adolescent idiopathic
- Abnormal adolescent idiopathic
- Painful
- Post inflammatory
- Post traumatic
- Post radiation
- Skeletal dysplasia
Approach to the differential diagnosis of scoliosis:
- Congenital scoliosis is due to segmentation anomalies of the spine and rib fusion
- Scoliosis is commonly seen in patients with neuromuscular disease
- Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most commonly encountered form of scoliosis and has a right thoracic curve and a compensatory left lumbar curve
- An adolescent with a left thoracic curve should be immediately investigated for a vertebral body tumor, spinal cord tumor, and diskitis
- Scoliosis should never be painful so a patient presenting with painful scoliosis should be immediately investigated for a a vertebral body tumor, spinal cord tumor, and diskitis
Pediatric Imaging 