Pediatric Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation

Etiology: vascular malformation
Imaging: enlarged arteries, nidus, draining vein
Complications: 3% rupture rate / year (cumulative)
— Imaging of ruptured arteriovenous malformation: hemorrhagic stroke with subarachnoid hemorrhage, parenchymal hematoma

Radiology Cases of Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation

MRI and MRA and US of intracranial arteriovenous malformation — Axial T2 MRI of the brain (above left) shows large vascular flow voids representing the nidus of the lesion along the right hemisphere of the brain and a dilated sagittal sinus. Sagittal US of the midline of the brain (above right) shows a large vascular structure with mixed arterial and venous flow within it that is compressing and displacing the sagittal sinus beneath it. MR angiogram with contrast of the brain (below left) shows a large nidus of arterial vessels along the right cerebral hemisphere fed primarily by the right middle cerebral artery that rapidly drain into a dilated sagittal sinus on the MR venogram (below right).