Atrial Septal Defect

  • Etiology: congenital
    — Ostium primum (30%) – at cushion, associated with AV canal
    — Ostium secundum (60%) – at fossa ovale
    — Sinus venosus (10%) – at below superior vena cava, associated with partially anomalous pulmonary venous return, see right atrial enlargement without right ventricle enlargement and collapsed aorta
  • Complications: Long-term untreated ASD may lead to Eisenmenger physiology seen in 6% of patients with untreated ASD
  • Clinical: usually present in adults

Cases of Atrial Septal Defect

CXR of atrial septal defect / ASD
CXR AP shows mildly increased pulmonary vascularity and a normal heart size.