Pediatric Chondrosarcoma

  • Etiology:
  • Imaging:
    — Location: Epiphysis, abut articular surface
    — Lytic or blastic: Lytic (50%) with intralesional calcification in 70%
    — Matrix: Chondroid
    — Zone of transition: Narrow in low-grade and wide in high-grade
    — Periosteal new bone or cortical destruction: Faint periosteal reaction
    — Additionally:
  • DDX: Lucent bone lesions that extend to epiphysis are chondroblastoma, chondrosarcoma, giant cell tumor, osteomyelitis
  • Complications:
  • Treatment:
  • Clinical:
    — 4% of primary bone tumors
    — Less than 5% arise in pre-existing lesion such as osteochondroma or enchondroma (especially in Ollier Disease and Maffucci Syndrome)
    — 90% of chondromsarcoma are low-intermediate grade

Radiology Cases of Chondrosarcoma

Radiograph of chondrosarcoma of femur
AP radiograph of the pelvis shows in the right femur an epiphyseal lesion abutting the articular surface that is lytic in appearance with a faint calcification in the center of it with a chondroid matrix and a narrow zone of transition and faint periosteal reaction along the medial aspect of the femoral neck.
CT of chondrosarcoma of maxillary sinus
Axial CT without contrast of the maxillofacial bones shows opacification of the right maxillary sinus with thickening of the medial and posterior walls of the right maxillary sinus and destruction of the posterior aspect of the medial wall of the right maxillary sinus.