Pediatric Chronic Lung Disease

  • Etiology:
    — Lung disease caused by preterm birth and lung development in extrauterine environment
    — Definition is premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome who are chronically ventilated for more than 30 days
  • Imaging:
    — Less severe radiographic findings than bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    — Normally expanded lungs with interstitial scarring
    — CXR findings normalize over long-term
  • DDX: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
  • Complications:
  • Treatment:
  • Clinical: Less severe clinical course than bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Radiology Cases of Chronic Lung Disease

CXR of chronic lung disease
CXR AP shows increased interstitial lung markings bilaterally and normal lung volumes.
CXR and CT of pneumatocele
CXR (above) and axial CT without contrast of the chest (below) shows diffuse interstitial thickening and a large, round, unilocular thin-walled cyst in the posterobasal aspect of the right lower lobe. The bronchus of the posterobasal segment of the right lower lobe was seen to extend into it.
CXR of correct NAVA catheter placement in patient with chronic lung disease.
CXR AP shows a NAVA catheter with its tip projecting over the body of the stomach, a nasogastric tube with its tip projecting over the body of the stomach, and a left upper extremity PICC with its tip projecting over the brachiocephalic vein. There are fine interstitial infiltrates present throughout the lungs

Radiology Cases of Chronic Lung Disease With Endotracheal Tube in Left Mainstem Bronchus

CXR of endotracheal tube in left mainstem bronchus
CXR AP shows the tip of the endotracheal tube projecting over the proximal left mainstem bronchus. There are fine interstitial infiltrates in the lungs bilaterally.