Pediatric Enchondroma

Etiology: Tumor of cartilage rests deposited in medullary cavity as growth plate moves away from diaphysis
Imaging:
— Location: Metaphysis of long bones especially feet and hands
— Lytic or blastic: Lucent and expansile
— Matrix: (chondroid, osteoid, fibrous)
— Zone of transition: (wide, narrow)
— Periosteal new bone or cortical destruction:
— Additionally: Can have calcification
DDX:
Complications:
Treatment:
Clinical:
— Most common bone lesion in hand
— Enchondromatosis is Maffucci syndrome or Ollier disease

Radiology Cases of Enchondroma

Radiology Cases of Enchondromatosis – Maffucci Syndrome

Radiograph of multiple enchondromas of the hand in Maffucci syndrome — AP (left) and oblique (right) radiographs of the hand show, in the second / third / fourth phalanges, multiple metaphyseal lesions that are lytic with a narrow zone of transition and no periosteal reaction.

Radiology Cases of Enchondromatosis – Ollier Disease

Radiograph of multiple enchondromas of the hand in Ollier disease — AP radiograph of the hand shows lesions in the third metacapal head distally and in the proximal and middle phalanges proximally that are metaphyseal in location, expansile and lytic in appearance, with a narrow zone of transition and without periosteal reaction.

Radiograph of multiple enchondromas of knee in Ollier disease — AP radiograph of the knee shows metaphyseal lesions in the femur and tibia and fibula that are expansile and lytic in appearance with some striations within them with a narrow zone of transition and no periosteal reaction.