Hemophilia

• Etiology: bleeding into joint -> synovial proliferation + dissolving of articular cartilage -> joint space narrowing + sclerosis
• Imaging: affects knee / elbow / ankle
  — Initially see distension of joint capsule with dense joint effusion, periarticular osteoporosis, widened intercondylar notch due to condyle overgrowth, squaring of patella
  — Eventually see joint space narrowing, subchondral cyst, osteophyte, epiphyseal overgrowth + premature closure of growth plate
• MRI: blooming synovial nodules (blood products)
• DDX: juvenile idiopathic arthritis, sickle cell anemia, septic joint

Cases of Hemophilia