Kawasaki Disease

• Etiology:
  — Medium vessel vasculitis causing strictures interposed by aneurysms
  — Involves coronary arteries and aorta and secondary branches and pulmonary artery
• Imaging:
  — Initially see lymphadenopathy and gallbladder hydrops
  — Subsequently see coronary aneurysms in 1/3 of patients which may be small, medium, giant (>8 millimeters) in size and fusiform or saccular in appearance
  — Aneurysms can rupture or cause infarction and usually decrease in size but leave a residual irregularity behind (egg shell calcifications)
• Imaging MRI: Vessel wall thickening and enhancement
• DDX:
• Complications: Coronary artery aneurysms, pericarditis, myocarditis, valvular disease
• Treatment:
• Clinical: From 6 months old to 4 years old

Radiology Cases of Kawasaki Disease