Pediatric Myocarditis

• Etiology:
  — Most commonly due to infection – coxsackie virus most common infectious cause in newborn
  — Less commonly due to toxic or ischemic or mechanical injury or drug related inflammation or transplant rejectionI
  — Inflammation of myocardial tissue leads to myocardial dysfunction which leads to pulmonary venous return obstruction
• Imaging: Failure leads to acyanosis and increased pulmonary blood flow
• Imaging:
  — Pericardial effusion in 33%-50%
  — Global left ventricular dysfunction in severe cases
• Imaging MRI:
  — Need abnormalities on both T1WI and T2WI to make the diagnosis
  — T1WI post contrast: Biomarker of fibrosis with delayed enhancement of myocardium due to focal fibrosis
  — T2WI: Biomarker of edema with increased signal intensity of myocardium
• DDX:
• Complications:
• Treatment: Heart transplant
• Clinical:

Radiology Cases of Myocarditis