- 3 types: prenatal, extravaginal (neonatal), intravaginal (post-neonatal)
- Prenatal
— Etiology: Occurs in utero
— Clinical: presents as painless palpable hard mass with pigmentation of scrotum, 75% of torsion - Extravaginal in neonates
— Etiology: torsion of spermatic cord + tunica
— Imaging: absent blood flow by color + spectral doppler US, heterogenous parenchyma, small anechoic areas, peripheral eggshell like hyperechogenicities, decreased or increased size of testicle, hydrocele, kiwi sign
— Clinical: presents as painful red scrotum - Intravaginal in 3 – 20 year old
— Etiology: torsion of spermatic cord caused by bell clapper deformity
— Imaging: absent intratesticular blood flow by color + spectral doppler, whirlpool sign of spermatic cord, enlarged edematous testis
Radiology Cases of Testicle Torsion

Surgery Cases of Testicular Torsion
