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Tracheobronchomalacia
Etiology: primary (congenital) or secondary (acquired due to vascular ring, infection / inflammation, trauma, esophageal atresia dilated proximal pouch)
Imaging: collapse of airway during respiration, on CT imaged during expiration or without positive end expiratory pressure a ratio of minor axis / major axis of less than 0.7 suggests tracheobronchomalacia
Clinical: most common congenital anomaly of trachea
Cases of Tracheobronchomalacia
CXR AP (left) shows a nasogastric tube that cannot be advanced further in the esophagus. Vintage upper GI lateral image (right) shows a dilated proximal esophageal pouch compressing the airway. In current practice, there is no indication for doing an upper GI with positive contrast material.