Toddler with respiratory distress and sepsis

MRI of duplicated kidney with ectopic ureterocele
Axial T2 MRI without contrast of the upper abdomen (above right) shows a normal right kidney and the upper pole of the left kidney has a thin rim of parenchyma around an extremely large cyst. Axial T2 MRI of the lower abdomen (below left) shows the hydronephrotic lower pole of the left kidney which is rotated on its axis and a dilated hydroureter medial to it while the cystic structure posterior to the left kidney is the continuation of the left kidney upper pole cystic structure. Axial T2 MRI of the pelvis (below right) shows an oval cystic structure with a thin wall located posteriorly within the bladder. Coronal T2 MRI (above left) again shows the full extent of the dilated cystic structure in the upper pole of the left kidney, the midline hydroureter, and the cystic structure within the bladder.

The diagnosis was left duplicated kidney with an extremely obstructed upper pole and an ectopic ureterocele.