School ager with right lower quadrant pain

CT of carcinoid tumor of the appendix — Axial CT with contrast of the abdomen (above) shows on top of the right psoas muscle and right iliac vessels in the right lower quadrant a dilated, fluid-filled tubular structure containing a calcification . Coronal CT (below) shows two calcifications within the tubular structure which is just medial to the cecum and surrounded by inflammatory changes.

The diagnosis was acute appendicitis with multiple appendicoliths. Pathological examination additionally revealed a carcinoid tumor of the appendix.

Preschooler with a midline neck mass

I-123 scan of thyroglossal duct cyst containing thyroid tissue — Anterior view of a I-123 thyroid scan shows tracer uptake in a single midline region that corresponds directly to the patient’s midline neck mass, without any demarcation of the lobes of the thyroid. There was no other thyroid uptake in the neck.

The diagnosis was thyroglossal duct cyst containing thyroid gland tissue.

Newborn with a small thorax

Radiograph of trident pelvis of asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy — AP radiograph of the lower extremities shows a trident pelvis and bowing of the lower extremities.

The diagnosis was asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy.

Preschooler with abdominal pain

CT of cystic Wilms tumor — Axial (left) CT with contrast of the abdomen shows a large cystic mass with septations in the left side of the abdomen. Coronal immediate image (above right) shows a claw sign proving the left kidney is the organ of origin of the mass. Coronal delayed image (below right) shows the mass has a mural nodule superiorly within it.

The diagnosis was cystic Wilms tumor.

Preschooler who hit their throat on the rim of a plastic chair and now has throat pain and hemoptysis

CT and UGI of esophageal perforation — Sagittal CT without contrast of the neck (left) shows pneumomediastinum anterior to the spine. Lateral image from an esophagram (right) shows contrast extravasating outside the esophagus at the level of C4.

The diagnosis was esophageal perforation due to blunt trauma.