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Toddler with cervical adenopathy with an incidental finding on a neck CT exam

MRI of Dandy Walker malformation
Sagittal T1 MRI without contrast of the brain (upper left) shows an enlarged posterior fossa containing a dilated fourth ventricle resulting in a large midline cyst that is causing elevation of the superior cerebellum and torcular inversion. Axial (upper right) and coronal (below) T1 MRI without contrast of the brain show agenesis of the cerebellar vermis. A mild-moderate amount of hydrocephalus is present.

The diagnosis was Dandy Walker Malformation.

Newborn with anterior abdominal wall defect and dilated small bowel

Surgical image of gastroschisis
Surgical image shows an anterior abdominal wall defect with the small bowel protruding out of the abdomen, with no surrounding membranous sac. The small bowel loops are dilated. There was an atresia just distal to the cecum and the distal colon was small in caliber. A silo for the abdominal contents was constructed. A gastrostomy and cecostomy were also placed.

The diagnosis was gastroschisis and colonic atresia.

Premature newborn with lethargy

Head US of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage grade III and periventricular hemorrhage
Coronal US of the brain shows increased echogenicity within the anterior horn of the left lateral ventricle with ventricular dilation (upper) and increased echogenicity within the brain parenchyma in the left anterior periventricular region and right temporal region (lower left) and in the bilateral posterior periventricular regions (lower right).

The diagnosis was left grade III neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage and bilateral periventricular hemorrhage.

School ager with growth hormone deficiency

MRI of pituitary interrupted stalk syndrome
Sagittal (above) and coronal (below) T1 MRI without contrast of the sella shows absence of the pituitary stalk between the sella and the hypothlamus. In addition, the high signal intensity posterior pituitary bright spot, which should be located posteriorly in the sella turcica, is instead located in the inferior aspect of the hypothalamus.

The diagnosis was pituitary interrupted stalk syndrome and ectopic posterior pituitary.

School ager with hypopituitarism

MRI of craniopharyngioma
Lateral radiograph of the skull (top image) shows an enlarged sella turcica. Sagittal TI MRI without and with contrast of the sella (middle two images) shows a large heterogenous mass arising in the sella and extending superiorly into the suprasellar region that shows primarily rim enhancement with contrast. Coronal T2 MRI of the sella (bottom image) shows the sellar and suprasellar mass to have a high signal intensity implying it has cystic and or proteinaceous components.

The diagnosis was craniopharyngioma.